The Auto Union 1000 S was a development of the 'DKW 3-6' and its successor the 'DKW 900'. But underneath lay the remnants of the DKW F9 of 1938. The 1000 S was the first car to carry the 'Auto Union' name since the 1930s, and also the last to carry the 3-cylinder 2-stroke engine; now enlarged to 981cc for the 1000 model. The 1000 had been introduced in 1958 and was revised in 1959 for the 1960 year as the '1000 S' with a wraparound windscreen. There were 2-door and 4-door saloons, a 3-door 'Universal' estate car and a pillarless coupe. For 1961 engine power was increased to 51bhp and a sophisticated pump was given to the engine to obtain the correct oil-fuel mixture, but this led to engine failures in cold weather. Coachbuilders Baur produced a low-slung 2-door sports coupe (and a convertible version) as the 1000Sp from 1958 with an uprated 55bhp engine; Fissore restyled this car for production in Argentina. The DKW F102 replaced the 1000 models in 1963 retaining the 2-stroke mechanics but now clothed in a monocoque body that under Volkswagen ownership would become the first 'Audi' of the modern era.